Abstract—We propose two novel energy-aware routing algorithms for wireless ad hoc networks, called reliable minimum energy cost

routing (RMECR) and reliable minimum energy routing (RMER). RMECR addresses three important requirements of ad hoc networks:

energy-efficiency, reliability, and prolonging network lifetime. It considers the energy consumption and the remaining battery energy of

nodes as well as quality of links to find energy-efficient and reliable routes that increase the operational lifetime of the network. RMER,

on the other hand, is