本次课程设计中，主要讨论了常微分方程的初值问题数值解法。文章主要分3大块，分别是：1.简单介绍几种常微分方程的初值问题数值解的求法，给出其算法流程图和相应matlab程序。2.通过运用典型的数值解法如Eulor方法，改进Eulor方法，Runge-Kutta方法求解具体常微分方程并分析对比方法收敛阶、稳定性。3.进一步去用以上三种方法求解Lotka-Volterra方程，分析食饵与捕食者模型，得出相关结论。-The curriculum design, focused on the numeri

Abstract—The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller is the most widely used control strategy in industry. The popularity of PID controllers can be attributed partly to their robust performance in a wide range of operating conditions