在确定多个未知量的最或然值时，选择它们之间不存在任何条件关系的独立量作为未知量组成用未知量表达测量的函数关系、列出误差方程式，按最小二乘法原理求得未知量的最或然值的平差方法。-In determining the most probable value of more than one unknown quantity, there is no choice between them, the amount of any of the conditions independent relatio

根据各观测元素间所构成的几何条件以及起始数据间的强制条件，按最小二乘法的原理求得各观测值的最或然值，以消除由于多次观测产生的矛盾的平差方法。-According to the mandatory conditions for observing geometry among elements of the composition and the start of data between, according to the principle of least squares method to