One of the most critical issues in the wireless sensor networks is the network s nodes limited availability of energy. The network lifetime strictly depends on its energy efficiency. Clustering is a method to make the consumed energy efficient. LEA

The cluster head is selected by the random number generated by nodes in the hierarchical routing protocol which is implementing Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH). As a result, the cluster head may be chosen randomly and be

involes leach clustering method. the energy efficient way to custer the nodes in a wireless networks and the modulation schemes involved in these wireless sensor communication

Energy efficiency is the most important design goal for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient cooperative MIMO scheme, which combines energy-efficient LEACH (EE-LEACH) protocol and cooperative MIMO. We