数学模型可以描述为：对于现实世界的一个特定对象，为了一种特定目的，根据特有的内在规律，做出一些必要的简化假设，运用适当的数学工具，得到一个数学结构。在计算机视觉技术研究中，建立特定的数学模型，可以大大简化问题。本文将从图像分割、特征提取、图像识别、三维重构等计算机视觉技术中几个重要方面来论述数学模型的应用。-Mathematical model can be described as: for a particular real-world objects, for a specific purpose, according to the specific internal rules to make some necessary simplifying assumptions, the use of appropriate mathematical tools to be a mathematical structure. Research in computer vision technology, the establishment of a specific mathematical model, can greatly simplify the problem. This article from the image segmentation, feature extraction, image recognition, computer vision techniques such as three-dimensional reconstruction in several important ways to describe the application of mathematical models.