Routing and Load balancing in MANET using Particle Swarm Optimization





Abstract



Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile nodes, which dynamically form a temporary network, without using any existing network infrastructure or centralized administration. These are often called infrastructure-less networking since the mobile nodes in the network dynamically establish routing paths between themselves. Routing which is responsible for directing data packets from a source node to a given destination node is one of the hard tasks in MANET, this is due to the mobility of the network elements and the lack of central control. Although