This chapter introduces a new computational intelligence paradigm to perform

pattern recognition, named Artificial Immune Systems (AIS). AIS take inspiration

from the immune system in order to build novel computational tools to solve

problems in a vast range of domain areas. The basic immune theories used to

explain how the immune system perform pattern recognition are described and

their corresponding computational models are presented. This is followed with a

survey from the literature of AIS applied to pattern recognition. The chapter is

concluded with a trade-off between AIS and artificial neural networks as pattern

recognition paradigms.