线程间的互斥：并发执行的线程共享某些类临界资源，对临界资源的访问应当采取互斥的机制。

线程间的同步：并发执行的线程间通常存在相互制约的关系，线程必须遵循一定的规则来执行，同步机制可以协调相互制约的关系。-Mutual exclusion between threads: concurrent execution threads share certain types of critical resources, access to critical resources should be taken mutually exclusive mechanisms. Synchronization between threads: the threads of concurrent execution of mutual checks and balances usually found, the thread must follow certain rules to implement synchronization mechanisms to coordinate mutual checks and balances.