经过二十余年的快速发展， 空间激光通信的研究重心逐渐从高精度ATP分系统向高速

率通信分系统转移 紧密跟踪空间激光通信的国际发展最新动态，从通信带宽和链路功率两个方面，

针对通信发射单元、接收单元和信道特性，分析了提高空间激光通信传输速率的技术难度与途径．分

别阐述了波长1 550 nm、基于EDFA 功放和前放技术，空间相干技术，光偏振复用技术．光波分复用

技术的基本原理、性能指标及关键技术，为高速率空间激光通信提供了技术参考-After more than 20 years the rapid development of space laser communications research center of gravity gradually transferred to the high-speed communication subsystem from the high-precision ATP subsystems closely track the latest developments of the international development of space laser communications, communication bandwidth and link power of two. communications transmitter unit, receiver unit and channel characteristics, technical difficulty and ways to improve the transfer rate of space laser communications. Described wavelength of 550 nm, based on EDFA amplifier and put technology, spatial coherence, optical polarization multiplexing. The basic principles of optical wavelength division multiplexing technology, performance indicators and key technologies, and provide a technical reference for high-rate space laser communications