麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布是一个概率分布，在物理学和化学中有应用。最常见的应用是统计力学的领域。任何（宏观）物理系统的温度都是组成该系统的分子和原子的运动的结果。这些粒子有一个不同速度的范围，而任何单个粒子的速度都因与其它粒子的碰撞而不断变化。然而，对于大量粒子来说，处于一个特定的速度范围的粒子所占的比例却几乎不变，如果系统处于或接近处于平衡。麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布具体说明了这个比例，对于任何速度范围，作为系统的温度的函数。它以詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦和路德维希·玻尔兹曼命名。-Maxwell- Boltzmann distribution is a probability distribution, in physics and chemistry has applications. The most common application is the field of statistical mechanics. Any (macroscopic) physical systems are comprised in the system temperature molecular and atomic motion results. These particles have a different speed ranges, and any single particle velocity are due to collisions with other particles and constantly changing. However, the large number of particles, the specific speed in a range of the proportion of particles is almost constant, if the system is at or near equilibrium. Maxwell- Boltzmann distribution specifically illustrate this ratio, for any speed range, as a function of the temperature system. It James Clerk Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann named.