随着高性能计算软硬件支撑环境日益复杂化，并行软件开发已成为大型科学工程计算（CSE）的主要瓶颈。本文介绍了高性能计算软件开发活动、以及该过程中的活动人员——高性能计算开发人员的特征；结合大量前人的实践和我们的经验，研究高性能计算软件开发中的瓶颈问题，并探讨了其中的一些技术途径。-With the high-performance computing hardware and software support environment becomes increasingly complex, parallel software development has become a large-scale scientific computing engineering (CSE) is the main bottleneck. This paper introduces the high-performance computing software development activities, as well as the activities of staff in the process- the characteristics of high-performance computing developers　combining a number of previous practices and our experience, high-performance computing research bottlenecks in software development and explores some of the technical approach.