人工智能是一门极富发展潜力和挑战性的学科，和大多数事物发展规律一样，该学科也呈“肯定-否定-否定之否定”的螺旋上升发展趋势。文章分析了人工智能的内涵、发展历程以及目前人工智能研究领域占主导地位的三种发展观，最后简要的介绍其应用领域及发展前景。-Artificial Intelligence is a highly potential and challenging disciplines, and the law of development, like most things, the subject also showed " positive- negative- the negation of negation"　of spiraling trend. This article analyzes the connotation, the development process as well as current research in the field of artificial intelligence in three dominant concept of development of artificial intelligence, and finally a brief introduction to their applications and development prospects.