遗传算法（Genetic Algorithm, GA）起源于对生物系统所进行的计算机模拟研究。它是模仿自然界生物进化机制发展起来的随机全局搜索和优化方法，借鉴了达尔文的进化论和孟德尔的遗传学说。其本质是一种高效、并行、全局搜索的方法，能在搜索过程中自动获取和积累有关搜索空间的知识，并自适应地控制搜索过程以求得最佳解。(The genetic algorithm (Genetic Algorithm, GA) originated from the computer simulation of biological systems. It is a random global search and optimization method which is developed by imitating the natural evolution mechanism of the nature. It refers to Darwin's theory of evolution and Mendel's theory of heredity. Its essence is an efficient, parallel and global search method. It can automatically acquire and accumulate knowledge about search space during search process, and adaptively control the search process to get the best solution.)