霍尔传感器是根据霍尔效应制作的一种磁场传感器。霍尔效应是磁电效应的一种，这一现象是霍尔(A.H.Hall，1855-1938)于1879年在研究金属的导电机构时发现的。后来发现半导体、导电流体等也有这种效应，而半导体的霍尔效应比金属强得多，利用这现象制成的各种霍尔元件，广泛地应用于工业自动化技术、检测技术及信息处理等方面。霍尔效应是研究半导体材料性能的基本方法。通过霍尔效应实验测定的霍尔系数，能够判断半导体材料的导电类型、载流子浓度及载流子迁移率等重要参数。(The Holzer sensor is a magnetic field sensor based on the Holzer effect. The Holzer effect is a kind of magnetoelectric effect, which was discovered by Holzer (A.H.Hall, 1855-1938) in the study of metal conducting mechanisms in 1879. Later, it is found that semiconductors, conductive fluids and so on also have this effect. The Holzer effect of semiconductors is much stronger than that of metals. Various kinds of Holzer components made by this phenomenon are widely used in industrial automation technology, detection technology and information processing. The Holzer effect is the basic method to study the properties of semiconductor materials. The Holzer coefficient measured by the Holzer effect test can determine the important parameters of the conductive type, carrier concentration and carrier mobility of the semiconductor materials.)