近场动力学(peridynamics,PD) [1]　是一种新兴的基于非局部作用思想建立模型并通过求解空间积分方程描述物质力学行为的方法.它兼有分子动力学方法和无网格方法的优点,避免了基于连续性假设建模和求解空间微分方程的传统宏观方法在面临不连续问题时的奇异性,又突破了经典分子动力学方法在计算尺度上的局限,在宏/微观不连续力学问题分析中均表现出很高的求解精度和效率.PD方法适用于不同尺度的不连续力学问题,包括均匀与非均匀材料和结构的大变形、损伤、断裂、冲击、穿透和失稳问题,结晶相变动力学问题以及纳米材料和结构的破坏问题。研究范围扩展至力、电、热、流等多物理场问题分析及其耦合分析，如：热扩散、水力劈裂、多孔介质中的中单相流、非饱和土体中的渗流问题等，研究的材料和结构已涉及：金属、混凝土、多种复合材料和层合板结构、玻璃、颗粒材料、木材、纳米纤维结构等。同时，将PD理论与现有的数值计算方法、现有理论与技术相结合也是一个有益的研究方向。近场动力学在工程应用上的实践还较少，亟待更多研究者的推动。(The near field dynamics (peridynamics, PD) is a new method based on the idea of non local action and the method of describing the mechanical behavior of the material by solving the spatial integral equation. It has the advantages of both the molecular dynamics method and the meshless method. It avoids the traditional macroscopic theory of modeling and solving the spatial differential equations. The method is singular in the face of discontinuity problems and breaks through the limitations of the classical molecular dynamics method on the computational scale. In the analysis of the problem of macro / micro discontinuous mechanics, the.PD method is highly accurate and efficient, which is suitable for different scales of discontinuities, including uniform and nonuniform materials and structures.)