利用光的衍射原理， 得到了衍射光栅的光强解析表达式，继而利用MATLAB软件强大的绘图功能，对光强分布的一维、二维图像进行模拟和仿真研究。(Using the diffraction principle of light, the analytical expression of the intensity of the diffraction grating is obtained, and then the one-dimensional and two-dimensional images of the light intensity distribution are simulated　by using the powerful drawing function of MATLAB software.)