分水岭分割方法，是一种基于拓扑理论的数学形态学的分割方法，其基本思想是把图像看作是测地学上的拓扑地貌，图像中每一点像素的灰度值表示该点的海拔高度，每一个局部极小值及其影响区域称为集水盆，而集水盆的边界则形成分水岭。分水岭的概念和形成可以通过模拟浸入过程来说明。在每一个局部极小值表面，刺穿一个小孔，然后把整个模型慢慢浸入水中，随着浸入的加深，每一个局部极小值的影响域慢慢向外扩展，在两个集水盆汇合处构筑大坝，即形成分水岭。-Watershed segmentation method is a topology-based theory of mathematical morphology segmentation method, the basic idea is the image as a geodesic topology on the landscape, the image pixel gray value of each point indicates that the point of the altitude, Each local minimum value and its impact area known as the catchment basins, while the catchment basins of the border, however, the formation of a watershed. Watershed concepts and immersed in the process of the formation can be illustrated through simulation. A local minimum in each surface, piercing a small hole, and then slowly immersed in water the whole model, with the deepening of immersion, each local minimum value of the influence domain slowly expanded outward, in the two catchment the confluence of building the dam basin, namely, the formation of a watershed.