In this research two automatic video annotation techniques are considered. The first technique uses ontology to reduce the semantic gap during video retrieval and other performs a group based image retrieval using video files. The proposed algorithm

马尔科夫工具箱是一种统计模型，广泛应用在语音识别，词性自动标注，音字转换，概率文法等各个自然语言处理等应用领域。经过长期发展，尤其是在语音识别中的成功应用，使它成为一种通用的统计工具。-Markov models (Markov Model) is a statistical model, widely used in speech recognition, speech automatic annotation, audio and character conversion, the prob