：针对粒子群算法进行多极点函数优化时 存在的局部极小点和搜寻效率低的问题，引入了小 生境的思想到粒子群算法中，以粒子的最好位置为 中心，粒子的最好的个体解对应的适应值为半径建 立圆形小生境。stretching 技术，其次对子群体采用解散策略，即当在子群体中找到一个极值点后把子群体解散回归主群体，最 后设置子群体创建时的半径阈值，避免子群体半径过大。该算法解决了标准的NichePS0算法在处理 多峰函数时，极值点的个数依赖于子群体个数及极值点容易出现重复、遗漏

Chaotic populations in genetic algorithms

The Sub-Department of Atmospheric Oceanic and Planetary Physics in the University of Oxford maintains an archive of Mie scattering routines for both single spheres and populations of part

The Sub-Department of Atmospheric Oceanic and Planetary Physics in the University of Oxford maintains an archive of Mie scattering routines for both single spheres and populations of part